Shift the culture for lasting change

Those who follow this blog already know of my great respect for the model that is the National Writing Project. The work done through this network of educators has been frequently referred to as professional development that works in that it affects a lasting change in teacher practice over time.

This summer, in a short presentation on working with professionals across a generational divide (four generations, the largest cross-generational grouping, now work side by side) I was exposed to the simple graphic below as an explanation for why certain generational groups approach their work differently.

It immediately resonated as a model for the failure of most of the professional development in schools to affect a lasting change.

It also offers a strong argument for why the Intensive Summer Institute, and the ensuing network of teaching professionals, has proven to impact student learning.

The chart maintains that experiences affect our beliefs.  Those beliefs influence our actions which ultimately determines results.

Most professional development only acts on the top two tiers.  "Do intervention a, b, or c and you will get prescribed results."  The intervention does not 'take' because nothing has been experienced which will change beliefs. Without ongoing support for new strategies, the teacher does not have enough experience to change beliefs and falls back on old assumptions.  When the first initiative fails, a new approach is introduced.

The experience of most teachers has built the belief that "this too shall pass." We need only wait out the current reform as another one will surely replace it.

Conversely, the teachers of the Invitational Summer Institute are immersed in experiences which affect their beliefs about practice. They apply theory to practice, experience heightened engagement from learning from each other, examine student work across time and curriculum, and, most importantly in understanding how writing happens, write with an eye toward publication for a valued audience.  Over the period of a month or more, teacher create a collaborative, respectful learning environment of sharing practice, theory, and the writing life.

It is these combined experiences that teachers most often describe as 'transformational.'  The combined experience of the Institute leads teachers to the belief that their work is worthy of study, reflection, and revision--and that they can take charge of these habits of mind.

If we are to believe the model pictured in the graphic, the culture of the teaching profession must change.   Changing the experience of teachers from one of subservience to empowerment will result in classroom teachers who can enact substantive and lasting reform on a classroom by classroom basis.

Movie time: Won't back down vs the real world

I have no idea what message is being pushed in the new movie Won't Back Down starring Maggie Gyllenhaal.  But I do know that it will be oversimplified and has the potential for driving the education reform discussion in the public just as Waiting for Superman has.

Here's the trailer:

The movie is set for a September 28 release, just in time for the Back to School crowd.  

I can't tell if the target is the teachers, the system, or what.  I did see a really evil teacher in this trailer and heard a reference to the 'poverty is the problem' that critics deem an excuse by bad teachers.

Watch and judge for yourself.  Comment below.

If you are looking for movies that follow real teachers through real issues, here are a few recommendations:

American Teacher:  produced by Dave Eggers and the Teacher Salary Project.

What's it like to be a teacher in times of high stakes testing?  Watch Mitchell 20 (you can get a ticket to watch it online. Follow the Mitchell 20 hyperlink.).  This is produced by teachers, about teachers.  It must have been too close to the truth since some teachers were punished for their role in this film.

A response to the highly produced Waiting for Superman, produced by New York city teachers who have been in the classroom through the corporate reforms.  Definitely not highly produced, gritty.  What do you expect on a teacher's salary?

The Inconvenient Truth behind Waiting for Superman.

Tired of bashing and want some solutions?  Try these.

The Finland Phenomenon.  Imagine what school could be like if we only spent our money on what we already knows works with kids and teachers.  You can watch the whole movie here:

A short film on the vision proposed in CTQ's recently published Teaching 2030.

Columbine, VA Tech, Aurora

Enough already.

We are a deeply troubled society. It's hard to think of us as otherwise. You know those life-changing events where you remember where you were when you heard the news?   Well, here are the ones that are vivid in my lifetime.

November 23, 1963 John F. Kennedy Assassination  (age 8)

August 1, 1966: First Shocking Mass Murder - Bell Tower Shootings at University of Texas.  ( age 11)

June 6, 1968: Robert Kennedy Assassination  (age 13)

June 10, 1968: Martin Luther King Assassination  (age 13)

January 13, 1972 Shooting of Governor George Wallace (age 16 - I recall asking my mother what was happening to us.)

November 18, 1978: Jonestown Massacre (perpetrator and all victims were Americans)

December 8, 1980:  John Lennon Shot and killed

March 30, 1981:  Ronald Reagan Shot

February, 1993: Branch Davidian Siege, Waco Texas

April 19, 1995:  Oklahoma City Bombing

April 3, 1996: Unabomber Arrested.   Associated with bombings from 1978 on.

April 20, 1999:  Columbine High School

April 16, 2007:  Virginia Tech Shootings

November 5, 2009:   Fort Hood Shootings

January 8, 2011:  Gabby Giffords Shooting in Tucson.

July 20, 2012:  Aurora, Colorado

And those are just the ones that stand out.  Sadly there are others in between.  (Shootings in a variety of schools, workplaces like offices and post offices, public venues like McDonald's or other entertainment places, the Olympics and so on.   Killings and bombings associated with abortion clinics.  But they don't rise to the level of remembering the moment.)

We need some help.

My Summer with John Green and YA

Most teachers do not read a ton of books,* I think.

That's a terrible admission, but the truth is that the school year is so all-consuming it leaves little time for outside reading.  Still, being an English teacher means the love of reading is a pre-requisite, so a book is always on the nightstand, even if there is only time for 10 or 15 minutes before the eyes slam shut.

When I began silent sustained reading for my students more than a dozen years ago, reading for pleasure became a part of the work day (Yay!  What's not to love?) and Young Adult (YA) novels a source to be mined--but rarely a favorite.  

Raised on Madeline L'Engle and Ray Bradbury, Harry Potter was a huge letdown--no thanks.  The horror genre never appealed, zombies and love affairs with vampires seem silly.  Most YA books are wrapped around the struggle du jour: bulimia, divorce, teen pregnancy, car wrecks. Jodi Piccoult rips plots from recent sensationalist headlines and the over-the-top, cavalier behavior of her teens makes me worry, and sometimes fear, for those sitting in the classroom.

I keep a list (back of the teaching journal and in the Notes app on the phone) for books to read. I watch what the students read. (Recently finished a book that kept a reluctant reader enthralled, so I had to read it myself.)  I take recommendations.  Then, each night as I take home my assigned reading--student papers--I try to ignore the growing pile reserved for breaks.  

My Advanced Placement students and I have the same complaint: No time to read for fun.

This year, around Christmas break I cracked open my first John Green YA novel: Looking for Alaska, recommended probably four years ago. (Thanks Nicole Hackman) 

Wow.  

If writing means telling the truth, John Green gets it right.  In spite of schoolwork, I sped on to his current best-seller The Fault in Our Stars --number one on the New York Times bestseller list for seven consecutive weeks--devouring it in two days.  

I left these in the front of the room to convince students to "Just try this one. You'll love it."  (Talking with students about shared books is a career highlight.)

Since then, I set aside his other books, Paper Towns and An Abundance of Katherines, to read for the summer.  Both were just completed in the "I can't wait to get back to my book" frame of mind.

What's to love about a John Green novel?  Lots.  

The characters in his book seem real to me, reflecting the majority of teens I work with everyday. They are funny, a bit nerdy, and on the cusp of adulthood, always in that nether-space between home and the rest of the world.  They work through everyday problems with wit, the kind of wit that makes figuring out how to be human a bit cool, even for nerds.  

His pacing is excellent -- some unresolved issue drags us clear to the end--an end that does NOT culminate in the perfect prom date, though milestone events are not ignored. Every book makes me laugh out loud.  The first two had me crying, for real. 

Other things to love:  Green's characters have everyday lives--the kind of life a real American teen lives everyday.  They have homework to do.  Classes take up the majority of their time, stretching a developing problem into weeks.  Cars break down, get wrecked, or don't exist.  There is a fair amount of drinking--and drunkenness--and swearing.  And there is some lying to authority figures, sneaking around, acknowledgment of painful screw-ups, and self-centered observations.  But events are not shrugged off.  The characters think about how choices turn out.   

One favorite aspect of the books is the relationship between the protagonist and the parents. (There is always a mom and a dad--who must be telephoned to account for whereabouts etc.).  Their presence is a loving one, coupled with the usual misunderstandings between generations and a fair amount of eye-rolling observations by the kid. Though not a central feature, the parents are a constant, tangential background noise, just like real life.

Finally, there is hope and love between the central group of friends, expressed in the way teens love each other: punching, inside jokes, nicknames.  Still, they also have major complaints about each other, even fights.  I'm only guessing, but I think most teens would find their inner lives acknowledged in print.  These kids represent the vast majority of kids that go unnoticed: regular kids growing up.

After reading all four books (everyone an award winner of some sort), I think Green may have run through his store of coming-of-age books.  But these are YA novels that manage to draw an adult back into this painful but rich time of life to remember with clarity how much was learned from all the screw ups, fights, lies, and revelations.  That's a real gift.  

If it's been a long time since you thought about those years, try one of these.  It's a good reminder for all of us that being an adolescent is a really important time of life.

*Just to compare, my daughter, a veterinarian has lots of time for reading--no homework, downtime between patients.  My gastro doc also shares his current reads with me.  I suffer pangs of envy during these conversations and do not admit that I have not kept up with my reading.  Irony alert: English teachers amongst them all probably have the least amount of time for reading.

UVA tumult highlights reform divide

The following editorial was published in the local paper The Winchester Star on Monday, June 24.  The downside to print: none of the hyperlinks can be included.

     While the paroxysms at UVA still have the public’s attention for the next five minutes, let’s use this as a window of opportunity to clarify the education debate argued over the past decade and already resulting in a fundamental shift in our here-to-fore national treasure: a free and public education for every child. 

      Rector Dragas has accused President Sullivan of not moving fast enough or enacting bold moves mirroring those of a top CEO like herself. Though the charges against Sullivan have been vague, the allusion to operating a public institution as a business hints at the larger argument.

      Whether the public is aware or not, a concerted effort is in process to impose Milton Friedman style, free-market forces on the education of the nation’s youth.  Though the general public seems to buy the argument that competition will foster excellence, competition in education will result in nothing less than the destruction of public schools and a further division in our populace we can ill afford.   Those with money and power will, of course, be able to afford and locate the best.  And those without?  Picture Dicken’s London.

      The push toward privatization has already affected instruction in the state of Virginia and diverted taxpayer monies from the classroom to private industry.  Pearson, the testing giant that continues to tally record profits even in an economic downturn, holds a $110 million contract with the state for administering the SOLs. These are tests teachers may neither see nor question on terms of validity but which determine many high stakes decisions. While public employees are held to “high standards,” online, private contractors are held to none. 

      The largest for-profit online provider in Virginia, K-12 Online, reported third quarter earnings of $178 million (all taxpayer dollars), all without any supporting research on the effectiveness of online instruction.  Meanwhile teachers have lost positions, had salaries frozen and seen increases in class sizes.  Governor McDonnell recently signed into law a new graduation requirement that all students must have one online course, yet another unfunded mandate thrust on localities—again without research. (It is notable that moving toward online instruction has been cited in Sullivan’s dismissal.)

       No sports enthusiast would agree to the unleveled playing field in this contest.

       Currently, the College Board – another testing entity—has used its resources to set up a visual: 857 empty desks on the National Mall representing the number of dropouts every hour.  Though this is unquestionably a national shame, the real irony is that the drop out rate has soared in the face of the current testing mania which has drained resources, narrowed curriculum, and turned classrooms into test-prep, data-collection boredom.  In contrast, high achieving nations test minimally and use results to drive improvements in instruction and teacher training.  We use tests to erode real teaching and vilify public employees—and then recommend more testing.

       What is at stake is this: a shift of public monies into the hands of private entrepreneurs who are currently rewriting rules in their favor.  Across the nation this has taken a variety of forms, (charters, vouchers) most untested but always at the expense of children.

       As the faculty of UVA seems to be currently arguing, education is not a business.  At its fundamental level, education is an act of sharing. The collective knowledge of one generation is passed on to the next.  When competition enters the arena, knowledge becomes the property of the elite, to be bought and sold at the discretion of a limited few.  Losing a free, public education cannot be tolerated.  Starving the public system while bludgeoning it with rules appears to be the plan.

     Thomas Jefferson, founder and spirit of UVA, said it best: "The end of democracy and the defeat of the American Revolution will occur when government falls into the hands of lending institutions and moneyed incorporations."

     Our cherished--and most frequently exported--model of public-education-for-all is halfway there.  

Homeschooling

For the first summer in years the Northern Virginia Writing Project's Summer Institute in the Valley is not meeting.  Sad face.

Though it is a long commitment for teachers, the month-long experience is usually described as invigorating.  It has been for me.  Each year teachers lead each other through successful classroom lessons and ultimately learn to lead each other.  We share, read, discuss, write, and share again.  The synergy is amazing.

I'm going to miss it this summer.  Though I direct the work of the teachers, each year the influx of ideas restores my energy and engagement in the classroom work throughout the school year.  The relationships formed between committed teachers is uplifting.  This experience, often cited as the among the best offered in professional development, has proven repeatedly that facilitating discussions among professional teachers is where the real reform in education resides.

But I don't have to miss out on the conversations and insights of my colleagues.  Part of my plan for the summer is to continue learning, from home.

If you haven't taken advantage of the multiplicity of resources that have exploded for teachers who want to learn from and with each other, then you are missing out on opportunities to "steal" from the best.

Here's a list of resources that I'll be accessing on long summer afternoons to refresh my teaching next year and stay connected with teaching professionals.  Some have a minimal cost.  Others are free for the taking.  All are Language Arts related.  If you have great resources you access regularly in your subject area, please share in the comments below.

Low tech:  A pile of books have accumulated.  Two I hope to tackle are Doing Literary Criticism by Tim Gillespie (been eyeing that one since December) and The Digital Writing Workshop by Troy Hicks (still working on getting more kids digitally literate.)  Already read, with new Virginia SOLs and Common Core Standards in mind: Teaching Argument Writing, Grades 6-12 by George Hillocks.

If you are into learning from books, both Heineman and Stenhouse (links above) are consistent producers of teacher written and tested professional books. Most are written with busy educators in mind (clean, approachable text), frequently include student stories, and almost always have extremely useful appendices.

For the digital natives Stenhouse is reviving its summer Blogstitute.  Starting on June 25 teachers can log in and start learning from some of their well known authors.  All free.

One of my low tech go-to sources is the Advanced Placement list serve.  Though this dinosaur in the current connectivity world of blogs, twitters, and social networking is about to be upgraded (one course at a time) the daily deluge of emails from AP teachers all across the nation is invaluable.  Of course you'll need a method of organizing this flood.  I learned my organization method from monitoring two other early list serves, both of which connect teachers from all over the nation: The Journalism Education Association and the Teacher Leaders Network.

If you really want to get cutting edge, set up a twitter account and start reading and following the feeds on your mobile phone.  Here's a guide to getting going: Twitter Handbook for Teachers.  And if that's not enough to blow your mind, go back to paper and read Sheryl Nussbaum Beach's new book The Connected Educator: Learning and Leading in the Digital Age.  The text takes you one step at a time further into the world of online learning, teaching, and sharing.

Finally, here is the future of PD:  Web 2.0 Discussion Boards.  The best example of a connected community of learners is Jim Burke's English Companion.   If there are other subject-area discussion boards out there, chime in.  This is clearly the way professional discussions are headed.  In the interactive forum, teachers ask questions, find answers, share blogs, learn in book discussion groups-often with authors as part of the group, and even post handouts and other materials.

For those who want to follow policy or education related issues (or anything else of that matter) I highly recommend Zite.  This app acts as an aggregator of the web and - on an iPad - has a clean magazine feel.  You simply select your own sections and the app delivers the latest to your phone or iPad--a quick and easy way to keep track of your favorites.  By indicating whether or not you liked the source, the aggregator adjusts to reflect your interests.  Blogs, news articles, online magazines are all included.  A good way to find out what is happening in cyberspace.

Still, in spite of all the free online forums there is nothing I've found to replace the immediacy and intellectual stimulation of teachers working together around classroom issues in a face-to-face setting.  But in the meantime I'll continue to learn from the best without letting geography get in the way.

Now, if I could only get recertification points for all this new knowledge....

Year Round School, please?

I've been on summer break for six days and already feel like a new person.

After clearing the clutter from a year's worth of classroom activity, I started in on my home.  And my health.  In six days I've resumed a daily habit of exercise and zoomed through closets in every room and the basement removing the clutter from nine months of running in and out, all things household having been tabled because teaching means a twelve-hour day, plus weekends.

In between running and cleaning I've read three novels and a professional book.

It's refreshing.  I feel great.

And yet, I still face ten more weeks of unstructured time before returning to kids and the classroom.

It's too long.

A school year is intense.  Even more so as kids and teachers face the current climate of testing.  For the classroom teacher, testing has meant the added stress of consulting data and making sure every child receives services to improve scores. It is high pressure work.  Sometimes if a task takes 30 seconds  to complete that can be too long.  The next expectation/need/focus of attention is already flying full throttle at classroom teachers.

For kids, it means cramming in multiple college-level courses or sitting for days on end and bubbling in answers on high-stakes tests.  (And then re-testing, remediating, re-testing).

So a break is welcome.  Unfortunately, eleven weeks is a ridiculously long break for both kids and teachers.

We all know about summer loss.  But what are we doing to learning and health when we cram a year's worth of instruction, sports, music programs, field trips, and make-or-break testing into nine months?

For the top students the intensity of the year can mean sacrificing health for grades as a recent New York Times article revealed students resorting to snorting amphetamines to garner the stamina to keep up with schoolwork--all at the cost of a developing brain and good health.

For struggling students, the long summer break is a wasteland.  With working parents (or parent) most low income students are confined to their block, their television, and a poor diet.  None conducive to learning.  The loss to learning over the extended summer break has long been documented.

I'm not a fan of a longer school day.  More cognitive work piled on top of more cognitive work does not mean that kids will advance.  In fact, our brains need some down time in order to make sense of what has been happening in our minds.  Only when we rest after learning is our experience processed by the brain.  We need rest in order to move learning into long term memory. (Here's an argument against teaching courses in a semester block.  Ninety-minute blocks everyday allow little to no time for processing.)

Some of these things we've known for years.  Others are just becoming apparent through continued brain study.  I'd love to give our Education system an 'A' for applying our new knowledge about how we learn to the school calendar.

Year round schooling could accommodate shorter breaks (two-three weeks) interspersed throughout the year.  Imagine students and teachers alike feeling, at regular intervals, as I do now. Rested and restored.  It might also improve the health of educators and reduce other costs.

Believe me, the tourism industry would adjust.

What's your take?  How long is your school break?  And wouldn't everyone benefit from rest?